The distinctly separate cultures of nomad and settler
have repeatedly tested the stability of Central Asia. We
visit the enduring testament to the volatile relationship
between Mongolia and China, the Great Wall. On this journey
we explore Mongolia's mysterious past and experience first
hand the ancient nomadic culture of the steppe.
Beijing fell to Chinggis Khaan in 1215 and in 1264 his
grandson Kublai made it his capital "Khanbalik".
Kublai was the emperor of China's Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368).
When he assumed the throne he introduced measures to revive
the Chinese economy. He restructured agriculture, restored
the country's infrastructure and promoted trade throughout
the empire and with Europe. Kublai also initiated the creation
of the first paper currency system. This was the China which
Marco Polo and other travellers visited and described in
their journals to an amazed Europe.
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